发新话题
打印

[国际] 促进节能的政策措施

促进节能的政策措施

能源基金会北京代表处
9 T4 _$ B0 [+ s& d3 o  }Energy Foundation Beijing Office
2 J$ n1 ?5 [+ E) _% r- K7 \2006年5月 May 2006
& n. g9 f- S9 b& e
2 R7 E$ g& M; ?6 r' I+ @% u4 D- OSavings Exceed 6,000 MW in California today and 13,000 MW as of Year 2010 (Compared to About 45,000 MW of Total Electricity).
4 D  R' @* o: X5 O0 g8 e  x$ X在美国加州,今天的能源节约超过6000兆瓦,到2010年将超过13000兆瓦(与大约45000兆瓦的总耗电量相比)  w# N! V/ q/ D2 [+ j" Q+ K

& g9 p2 i" l' FFuel Cost Savings Are at Least Twice the Cost of Efficiency.
2 L  U& d8 K8 l' L, L1 A6 N$ Z燃料成本的节约至少是节能成本的两倍0 I0 l: f; n! B8 l
5 J4 {: K" ^+ A
Consideration for Incentive Policy Design激励机制设计
, r; }) W- ], ~) N! r; H: a
2 c" s4 k- t6 ~Part of a broad energy policy package,Provide for positive interaction between energy codes, labels, and financial incentives.4 P( m3 f9 y* j# A& z6 j
是综合能源政策的一部分,与能源法规、标准、标识产生积极互动
4 E. A; q1 Z6 L: t0 I' VIncentives should be based on performance and not cost, whenever possible.
; J! ]3 ?# U0 S2 {尽可能使激励手段基于绩效而非成本) Q* O, o2 x, t
Energy performance goals should be ambitious enough to: 节能绩效目标应该能:
! s! G; [3 W* K. RMinimize free ridership 使“搭便车”行为减至最少 + M9 K- }/ X" Z# H( C7 l3 _" T# i
Control costs 考虑承受能力、控制成本
  @, d; h+ t& i, E6 q* h  F1 W% {* l2 S- \% y8 ]8 e! R( W
Delivery Mechanisms 实施机制0 o! L' |1 N! F8 _. ?/ @$ z

8 e% X; [, X. s6 pState agency grants or loans, `. U  ?3 c. E' U' [8 r
政府机构拨款或贷款) ?( Y( q+ Y- z8 d
Tax incentives at national or provincial level designed by officials
& h$ O6 b$ T3 }% C! Y8 m7 C  `由政府部门决定国家或地方的税收激励
/ w. [* f7 Q# Y  y8 KState or national tax incentives fixed by legislation or decree.& S) z. K7 P% w% o
通过立法或法令确定州级或国家级的税收激励
2 k( y, [, F2 a) |, p. j, Y) m5 `
6 m. S9 z2 Z' o1 }/ V: uAdministrative Mechanisms 管理机制
& n1 h3 Q7 _0 E7 g  c% J2 V2 Y2 ^6 [5 u: z/ G* p. b' ^) R0 ?  f
Utility-run rebate programs.
: c2 l0 |& k, n7 s7 }8 ]公用事业部门实施的补贴项目8 A* Z- v/ w0 e$ i
Private sector or non-profit programs.
: T& x& H; C4 F9 {7 x1 M, Z私营部门或非营利部门
" C1 H( K: e& K4 OProvincial or national Energy or Environmental Agency administration of programs.
; j+ t4 D8 C4 v1 C. x) d由地方或国家的能源或环境机构来实施项目
& [+ V& B, n  Z, s+ OFinance Ministry processes applications.8 }/ E: I8 h. y; T
财政部门处理相关申请手续
. r8 C1 {: Z* S" ?# R; K
& M* w5 O9 C- P; R+ K+ c0 P+ vFunding Sources 资金来源- N3 B2 b% g5 j: p

5 l( ~9 a. }" G; C$ v" k6 sGeneral government revenues
: q9 p+ a/ f' j, G  ^7 e2 U1 ?一般性政府财政投入
7 O# F. C7 X+ Z: `2 i8 ]: c, \Public Benefits Fund for utility customers
  b6 k5 l3 c  ^$ a& h公共效益基金 + ~8 J$ W4 I) W2 c# g% Z) L
Carbon taxes or pollution taxes
! T$ C$ V1 l8 U+ Z9 _碳税或污染税
0 V! ^" g$ [7 V" REnhanced revenue collection from businesses( R, t$ T$ |; ?9 f/ }( S5 ~% ~& K
提高企业征税
附件: 您所在的用户组无法下载或查看附件

TOP

发新话题