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 4 Times Square
| 开发商: |
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容积率: |
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| 地址: |
New York, NY |
建筑面积: |
149,000 sq. meters |
| 竣工日期: |
January 2000 |
高度: |
48-story building |
| 能源利用: |
In order to provide the greatest amount of daylight penetration yet minimize solar heat gain, large windows were chosen—7 feet high (2.1 m) in a 9-foot (2.7 m) ceiling—as well as high visible-light transmission glass (0.40 and 0.66) with a good shading coefficient (0.30). These high-performance windows let in light without affecting inside air temperature. They also maximize daylighting, lowering electric lighting needs.
Direct-fired natural-gas absorption chiller/heaters, located on the 49th floor, were chosen over electrical and steam-driven chillers for heating and air conditioning. This choice was made in light of the fuel source profile of the northeast, the low emissions associated with natural gas, and the avoidance of transmission loss with direct-fired equipment. The high floor location of the heavy equipment in combination with the hat truss structure aids the structural performance of the building, although it complicated construction scheduling.
Extra levels of insulation were specified. Additional thermal insulation was detailed for spandrels, roofs, etc.
Two 200 kW fuel cells are located in the 4th floor outside air plenum with a separate exhaust. The building is using the electricity generated from these two fuel cells to cover almost 100% of its base load late at night and approximately 5% of the building’s electrical needs during the day.
Integrated "thin-film" photovoltaics were used in approximately 60 feet (18 m) of spandrel glass on the south and east facades of the top nine floors of the building as a demonstration test. The peak output from these panels is only about 15 kW but will give The Durst Organization hands-on experience with photovoltaic technology in an urban high-rise application.
Individual floor-by-floor fan units operate only when tenants are using their spaces. State-of-the-art, energy-efficient, fiber-optic outdoor signage is being used atop the building. LED exit signs, occupancy sensors in seldom-occupied spaces, and high-performance fixtures with central controls in public spaces reduce the building’s energy use.
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| 选址和节水方案: |
Green Products Used
Access Flooring Systems
Carpet Recycling
Cork Flooring
Fabric Wall Covering
Lighting Control Systems
Low-VOC, Materials-Efficient Office Furniture
Recycled-Aluminum Ceiling
Recycling System for Multistory Buildings
Zero-VOC Acrylic Latex Interior Paint
An underfloor air system operates via the access flooring system.
Green Strategies
Building Deconstruction
Identify items to be reused from existing structure
Recycle materials to be discarded from existing structure
Job Site Recycling
Investigate local infrastructure for recycling
Require a waste management plan from the contractor
Require that subcontractors keep their wastes separate
Recycling by Occupants
Design a physical in-house recycling system
Post-Consumer Recycled Materials
Use wallboard from manufacturers that utilize gypsum from job-site scraps
Specify light-gauge steel framing with highest recycled content
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| 室内环境品质: |
Green Strategies
Development Impacts
Minimize building footprint
Low-Water-Use Fixtures
Use automatic faucet controls for lavatories
Low-Impact Siting
Select an already-developed portion of a site for new development
Site buildings where lowest biodiversity is present
Select building sites that make use of existing infrastructure
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| 材料选择: |
Green Strategies
Entry of Pollutants
Locate outdoor air intakes away from pollution sources
Keep positive pressure in the building
Visual Comfort and The Building Envelope
Choose interior and exterior glazing to maximize daylight transmission
Visual Comfort and Interior Design
Design open floor plans to allow exterior daylight to penetrate to the interior
Place primarily unoccupied spaces away from daylight sources
Ventilation and Filtration Systems
Specify ventilation rates that meet or exceed ASHRAE Standard 62-1999
Direct Exhaust from High-source Locations
Provide local exhaust ventilation for rooms with high-emitting sources
Reduction of Indoor Pollutants
Use only very low or no-VOC paints
Maintenance for IEQ
Specify routine maintenance for HVAC system and check performance of system
Specify use of only nontoxic cleaning products
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| 设计创新: |
In 1995, Four Times Square was the first speculative office building to be developed in New York City in almost a decade. It has 48 stories of occupied space and was the first project of its size and financial structure (multi-tenanted and not owner-operated) in the U.S. to adopt standards for energy efficiency, sustainable materials, and indoor environmental quality, as well as for responsible construction, operations, and maintenance practices.Energy efficiency and indoor air quality were given special consideration in Four Times Square. |
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