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 Georgia健康实验室
| 开发商: |
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容积率: |
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| 地址: |
Decatur, GA |
建筑面积: |
6,130 sq. meters |
| 竣工日期: |
November 1997 |
高度: |
2-story building |
| 能源利用: |
The building envelope is well-insulated with R-19 wall insulation and R-21 roof insulation. The roof, which is almost an acre in size, has a highly reflective surface to minimize heat gain, and low-e glazing optimizes the building’s heating and cooling efficiency.
To supplement daylighting, labs and offices have direct/indirect lighting fixtures, which use T-8 lamps and electronic ballasts. Automatic dimming controls were not incorporated into this design, but they could provide a means to increase the energy savings resulting from the use of natural lighting.
The HVAC equipment is a constant-volume system that moves air at 70,000 cubic feet per minute (cfm). The 11 fume hoods in the building are connected to a manifold exhaust system. Six high-induction air exhaust fans are on the roof directly above the service corridor, and exhaust stacks are 12 feet high above the roof line.
Fans have variable-frequency drives and direct-drive motors to balance the air in the system. The motors are directly coupled to a fan and do not use belts. The air-handling unit is located on the second floor directly above the mechanical room, which contains the chillers and boilers. Inlet air is drawn from the north side of the building at ground level. A direct digital control system is used for equipment controls.
Each of the two 200-ton chillers can provide enough cooling for the entire building. Heating is provided by two 125-boiler horsepower (BHP) gas-fired steam boilers. There are three shell-and-tube heat exchangers—one for domestic hot water, one for humidification, and one for reheat coils. Steam is used for sterilizers and glassware washers. Emergency power is provided by a 400-kilowatt generator with a natural-gas engine. |
| 选址和节水方案: |
Materials were chosen primarily for their durability, cost-effectiveness, and environmental qualities. Recycled materials were used extensively on the exterior facade. Durable granite, salvaged from the waste of local tombstone crafting operations, forms tapered vertical piers that act as sunshades for west-facing windows. Recycled copper was used over structural metal studs to cover the upper portion of exterior walls. These materials cost no more than a standard brick wall. |
| 室内环境品质: |
After several design iterations, the design team determined that it would be most sensitive to the site to locate the building on the north portion of the site and place parking areas on the southern portion. This allowed many trees to be retained and required only minimal grading.
Taking advantage of the naturally sloping site, the rectangular second floor of the laboratory is larger than the first floor, extending on-grade much farther north than the first floor. This allowed many laboratory areas to be built on-grade, reducing vibrations where sensitive equipment is used. |
| 材料选择: |
To provide the laboratory staff with bright work areas and views to the outside from almost anywhere inside the building, recessed clerestory windows above the offices provide a direct line of sight to the outdoors from the labs and clerical spaces. Although these windows face west, glare from late-day sunlight is controlled by vertical granite piers on the facade and a 12-foot-deep roof overhang. The furniture in the clerical areas is designed to have low partition walls that do not block the view of the trees and sky. Interior windows between the labs, offices, and office support areas also allow light to permeate the building, and create an open, seamless feel.
The lab areas and support spaces take up approximately 34%, or 22,906 gross feet of the building and use 100% outside air. The remaining areas use 20% outside air with 80% recirculated air. In both the BL-2 and BL-3 labs, there are 10 air changes per hour (ACH); at night, setbacks drop this to 6 ACH. |
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